燃气轮机燃烧室预混喷嘴排放性能的试验和数值研究

为了研究当量比、值班燃料量和压力对燃气轮机燃烧室预混喷嘴排放指标的影响,在环境压力下按照等速模化原理进行了燃烧室预混喷嘴的燃烧试验,基于化学反应网络法构建了污染物预测模型,开展了试验和数值对比研究。结果表明:在带值班燃料的情况下该预混喷嘴当量比φ在0.35～0.5时可满足国标排放要求,但是值班燃料量增大会使NO_x排放升高;在φ0.4时,压力对纯预混燃烧NO_x生成无影响,φ0.4时,NO_x会随压力升高而增多;带有值班燃料的预混燃烧时,NO_x对压力变化敏感,压力升高导致NO_x增多;该预混喷嘴混合性能对空气流速不敏感、燃料兼容性强,排放达标当量比范围宽,经进一步设计开发后有潜力应用于燃气轮机低排放燃烧室中。该化学反应器网络模型依赖经验较少,当值班燃料比例≤0.17时,对污染物预测与试验数据符合较好。     

纳米Sn-Zn-Fe复合氧化物气敏材料的研制

本文采用纳米材料制备技术（共沉淀法），制备了十二种Ｓｎ－Ｚｎ－Ｆｅ复合氧化物气敏材料，将其制成元件后，进一步测试了气敏性能。结果发现其敏感度比用ＳｎＯ２、ＺｎＯ和Ｆｅ３Ｏ４机械混合制得的烧结元件大为提高，且有较好的选择性。     

Investigations into sensing characteristics of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors for gas path monitoring

Circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors are promising in gas path monitoring due to their advantages of non-intrusiveness and easy installation. The spatial sensitivity and filtering effect are two important performance parameters. In this paper, an analytically mathematical model of induced charge on a circular thin-plate electrode is first derived. Then the spatial sensitivity and filtering effect of the circular electrostatic sensor are investigated by numerical calculations. Finally,experimental studies are performed to testify the theoretical results. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors act as a low-pass filter in the spatial frequency domain, and both the spatial filtering effect and the temporal frequency response characteristics depend strongly on the spatial position and velocity of the charged particle. These conclusions can provide guidelines for the optimal design of circular thin-plate electrostatic sensors.     

气孔缺陷对TA15 钛合金氩弧焊接头疲劳性能的影响

对TA15钛合金氩弧焊接接头的组织和疲劳断裂特征进行了分析,对气孔缺陷和疲劳寿命的关系进行了定量表征.结果表明:疲劳裂纹起源于焊缝的亚表面或者内部气孔缺陷,当气孔尺寸较小时,断口会出现“鱼眼”形貌特征;应力水平较低时,气孔尺寸对疲劳寿命的影响尤为显著,在特定的应力水平下,可以通过构件中的气孔缺陷尺寸来预测其寿命,对于焊接结构疲劳寿命的预测和构件焊接质量的评定具有重要的工程意义.     

一种测定大值的风速计

简单叙述了研制1种大风速值简易精密测量仪器原理和方法，并对测量误差进行了估算。     

Streamwise-body-force-model for rapid simulation combining internal and external flow fields

A streamwise-body-force-model (SBFM) is developed and applied in the overall flow simulation for the distributed propulsion system, combining internal and external flow fields. In view of axial stage effects, fan or compressor effects could be simplified as body forces along the streamline. These body forces which are functions of local parameters could be added as source terms in Navier-Stokes equations to replace solid boundary conditions of blades and hubs. The val-idation of SBFM with uniform inlet and distortion inlet of compressors shows that pressure perfor-mance characteristics agree well with experimental data. A three-dimensional simulation of the integration configuration, via a blended wing body aircraft with a distributed propulsion system using the SBFM, has been completed. Lift coefficient and drag coefficient agree well with wind tun-nel test results. Results show that to reach the goal of rapid integrated simulation combining inter-nal and external flow fields, the computational fluid dynamics method based on SBFM is reasonable.     

光纤氢传感技术的研究现状及其应用前景

分析了光纤氢传感技术发展的现状和特点，比较了几种典型光纤氢传感器的结构和工作原理。指出了光纤氢传感技术是测量易爆环境下氢气浓度的有效方法，并对光纤氢传感技术的应用前景和有待解决的问题进行了讨论。     

肼类燃料蒸汽污染控制技术

针对肼类燃料在使用中产生的蒸汽会对大气造成污染这一问题 ,介绍了肼类推进剂气体污染控制方法。这些方法主要有洗涤吸收法、气体扩散法、焚烧法、活性炭吸附法、催化法、喷雾法、冷却法、泡沫覆盖法、固体粉末消污法等。论述了国内外肼类气体污染控制的各种技术 ,并对各种技术特点进行了对比与分析     

用于激光推进的球隙火花开关放电特性的研究

在自行研制的高压球隙火花开关上,研究短间隙下(6 mm)不同工作气压、不同冷却气体速度对开关工作电压范围、延迟时间和抖动时间的影响及规律。结果表明:提高气压能扩大工作电压范围,增加开关的时延;吹气能够降低开关的时延,但增加开关的抖动时间。在本实验条件下,将开关工作气压从1×105Pa提高到2×105Pa,工作电压范围扩大了50%以上,但开关的时延增加了20 ns,抖动增加了10 ns;有气体冷却时开关的延迟时间比起无吹气时要小几十个纳秒。     

固冲火箭技术的发展与展望

通过若干典型例子系统总结了目前固冲火箭技术的研究与进展情况,着重指出了该技术在达到实际应用之前尚存在的关键技术问题,并对今后的研究与发展方向提出了建议。